Some C++ books I recommend. It's a bit of a necro, but since someone linked to here I figured better to keep all of the book recommendation in one place.
As mentioned by a few above, I also recommend The Pragmatic Programmer. Good common sense ideas to take to heart.
Thinking in C++ is a fairly decent book, and it's free to download. The first C++ book I read many years ago.
http://mindview.net/Books/TICPP/ThinkingInCPP2e.html
The Effective C++/STL books are very good. They aren't really "teach you C++" books, but more of a "Now that you think you know C++, here are some really good tips about how not to shoot yourself in the foot quite so often"
http://www.aristeia.com/books.html
C++ Gotchas is another book about how to do things the right way and why. If I had to pick one book I'd stick with Effective C++, but this is good after you've read that.
http://www.semantics.org/cpp_gotchas/index.html
Guru of the Week is also good reading. He wrote a couple books on it as well called Exceptional C++. I think the guru stuff covers most/all of that.
http://herbsutter.com/gotw/
C++ Coding Standards is another best practices type of book.
http://www.gotw.ca/publications/c++cs.htm
Writing Solid Code is an old book, and you'll probably only find it used or maybe at a library, but I think it is very good at describing how to write code with less bugs. I use the techniques described in the book every time I write code, and I am confident I write better code because of it. It's a lot of common sense (to me at least) stuff, but many programmers I know ignore these simple things and have tons of bugs because of it.
http://www.amazon.com/Writing-Solid-.../dp/1556155514
Code Complete also has some really good best practices type information. I haven't read the second edition but I know others that have and they said it was still good.
http://www.amazon.com/Code-Complete-.../dp/0735619670